.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1 @@
 /target
-reference/**
-.env
-*.env

src/agent/agent_loop.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 use crate::bus::message::ContentBlock;
 use crate::bus::ChatMessage;
 use crate::config::LLMProviderConfig;
-use crate::observability::{
-    truncate_args, Observer, ObserverEvent, ToolExecutionOutcome,
-};
 use crate::providers::{create_provider, LLMProvider, ChatCompletionRequest, Message, ToolCall};
 use crate::tools::ToolRegistry;
 use std::io::Read;
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::time::Instant;
 
 /// Build content blocks from text and media paths
 fn build_content_blocks(text: &str, media_paths: &[String]) -> Vec<ContentBlock> {
@@ -51,90 +47,46 @@ fn encode_image_to_base64(path: &str) -> Result<(String, String), std::io::Error
     Ok((mime, encoded))
 }
 
-/// Convert ChatMessage to LLM Message format
+/// Stateless AgentLoop - history is managed externally by SessionManager
-fn chat_message_to_llm_message(m: &ChatMessage) -> Message {
-    let content = if m.media_refs.is_empty() {
-        vec![ContentBlock::text(&m.content)]
-    } else {
-        build_content_blocks(&m.content, &m.media_refs)
-    };
-
-    Message {
-        role: m.role.clone(),
-        content,
-        tool_call_id: m.tool_call_id.clone(),
-        name: m.tool_name.clone(),
-    }
-}
-
-/// AgentLoop - Stateless agent that processes messages with tool calling support.
-/// History is managed externally by SessionManager.
 pub struct AgentLoop {
     provider: Box<dyn LLMProvider>,
     tools: Arc<ToolRegistry>,
-    observer: Option<Arc<dyn Observer>>,
+    max_iterations: u32,
-    max_iterations: usize,
 }
 
 impl AgentLoop {
     pub fn new(provider_config: LLMProviderConfig) -> Result<Self, AgentError> {
-        let max_iterations = provider_config.max_tool_iterations;
+        Self::with_tools(provider_config, Arc::new(ToolRegistry::new()))
-        let provider = create_provider(provider_config)
-            .map_err(|e| AgentError::ProviderCreation(e.to_string()))?;
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            provider,
-            tools: Arc::new(ToolRegistry::new()),
-            observer: None,
-            max_iterations,
-        })
     }
 
     pub fn with_tools(provider_config: LLMProviderConfig, tools: Arc<ToolRegistry>) -> Result<Self, AgentError> {
-        let max_iterations = provider_config.max_tool_iterations;
+        let provider = create_provider(provider_config.clone())
-        let provider = create_provider(provider_config)
             .map_err(|e| AgentError::ProviderCreation(e.to_string()))?;
 
         Ok(Self {
             provider,
             tools,
-            observer: None,
+            max_iterations: provider_config.max_iterations,
-            max_iterations,
         })
     }
 
-    /// Set an observer for tracking events.
-    pub fn with_observer(mut self, observer: Arc<dyn Observer>) -> Self {
-        self.observer = Some(observer);
-        self
-    }
-
     pub fn tools(&self) -> &Arc<ToolRegistry> {
         &self.tools
     }
 
     /// Process a message using the provided conversation history.
     /// History management is handled externally by SessionManager.
-    ///
+    /// Returns (final_response, complete_message_history) where the history includes
-    /// This method supports multi-round tool calling: after executing tools,
+    /// all tool calls and results for proper session continuity.
-    /// it loops back to the LLM with the tool results until either:
+    pub async fn process(&self, messages: Vec<ChatMessage>) -> Result<(ChatMessage, Vec<ChatMessage>), AgentError> {
-    /// - The LLM returns no more tool calls (final response)
+        let mut messages = messages;
-    /// - Maximum iterations are reached
+        let mut final_content: String = String::new();
-    pub async fn process(&self, mut messages: Vec<ChatMessage>) -> Result<ChatMessage, AgentError> {
-        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-        tracing::debug!(history_len = messages.len(), max_iterations = self.max_iterations, "Starting agent process");
 
         for iteration in 0..self.max_iterations {
-            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+            tracing::debug!(iteration, history_len = messages.len(), "Starting iteration");
-            tracing::debug!(iteration, "Agent iteration started");
 
-            // Convert messages to LLM format
+            let messages_for_llm = self.build_messages_for_llm(&messages);
-            let messages_for_llm: Vec<Message> = messages
-                .iter()
-                .map(chat_message_to_llm_message)
-                .collect();
 
-            // Build request
             let tools = if self.tools.has_tools() {
                 Some(self.tools.get_definitions())
             } else {
@@ -148,240 +100,155 @@ impl AgentLoop {
                 tools,
             };
 
-            // Call LLM
             let response = (*self.provider).chat(request).await
                 .map_err(|e| {
                     tracing::error!(error = %e, "LLM request failed");
                     AgentError::LlmError(e.to_string())
                 })?;
 
-            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
             tracing::debug!(
-                iteration,
                 response_len = response.content.len(),
                 tool_calls_len = response.tool_calls.len(),
                 "LLM response received"
             );
 
-            // If no tool calls, this is the final response
+            if !response.tool_calls.is_empty() {
-            if response.tool_calls.is_empty() {
+                tracing::info!(count = response.tool_calls.len(), iteration, tools = ?response.tool_calls.iter().map(|tc| &tc.name).collect::<Vec<_>>(), "Tool calls detected, executing tools");
-                let assistant_message = ChatMessage::assistant(response.content);
+
-                return Ok(assistant_message);
+                let assistant_message = ChatMessage::assistant(response.content.clone());
+                messages.push(assistant_message);
+
+                let tool_results = self.execute_tools(&response.tool_calls).await;
+
+                for (tool_call, result) in response.tool_calls.iter().zip(tool_results.iter()) {
+                    let tool_message = ChatMessage::tool(
+                        tool_call.id.clone(),
+                        tool_call.name.clone(),
+                        result.clone(),
+                    );
+                    messages.push(tool_message);
+                }
+
+                tracing::debug!(iteration, "Tool execution completed, continuing to next iteration");
+                continue;
             }
 
-            // Execute tool calls
+            tracing::debug!(iteration, "No tool calls in response, agent loop ending");
-            tracing::info!(iteration, count = response.tool_calls.len(), "Tool calls detected, executing tools");
+            final_content = response.content;
-
+            break;
-            // Add assistant message with tool calls
-            let assistant_message = ChatMessage::assistant(response.content.clone());
-            messages.push(assistant_message.clone());
-
-            // Execute tools and add results to messages
-            let tool_results = self.execute_tools(&response.tool_calls).await;
-
-            for (tool_call, result) in response.tool_calls.iter().zip(tool_results.iter()) {
-                let tool_message = ChatMessage::tool(
-                    tool_call.id.clone(),
-                    tool_call.name.clone(),
-                    result.output.clone(),
-                );
-                messages.push(tool_message);
-            }
-
-            // Loop continues to next iteration with updated messages
-            #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-            tracing::debug!(iteration, message_count = messages.len(), "Tool execution complete, continuing to next iteration");
         }
 
-        // Max iterations reached
+        if final_content.is_empty() {
-        let final_message = ChatMessage::assistant(
+            tracing::warn!(iterations = self.max_iterations, "Max iterations reached without final response");
-            format!("I reached the maximum number of tool call iterations ({}) without completing the task. Please try breaking the task into smaller steps.", self.max_iterations)
+            final_content = format!("Error: Max iterations ({}) reached without final response", self.max_iterations);
-        );
+        }
-        Ok(final_message)
+
+        let final_message = ChatMessage::assistant(final_content);
+        // Return both the final message and the complete history for session persistence
+        Ok((final_message, messages))
     }
 
-    /// Determine whether to execute tools in parallel or sequentially.
+    fn build_messages_for_llm(&self, messages: &[ChatMessage]) -> Vec<Message> {
+        messages
+            .iter()
+            .map(|m| {
+                let content = if m.media_refs.is_empty() {
+                    vec![ContentBlock::text(&m.content)]
+                } else {
+                    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+                    tracing::debug!(media_refs = ?m.media_refs, "Building content blocks with media");
+                    build_content_blocks(&m.content, &m.media_refs)
+                };
+                #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+                tracing::debug!(role = %m.role, content_len = %m.content.len(), media_refs_len = %m.media_refs.len(), "ChatMessage converted to LLM Message");
+                Message {
+                    role: m.role.clone(),
+                    content,
+                    tool_call_id: m.tool_call_id.clone(),
+                    name: m.tool_name.clone(),
+                }
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    async fn execute_tools(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<String> {
+        let batches = self.partition_tool_batches(tool_calls);
+        let mut results = Vec::with_capacity(tool_calls.len());
+
+        for batch in batches {
+            if batch.len() == 1 {
+                // Single tool — run directly (no spawn overhead)
+                results.push(self.execute_tool(&batch[0]).await);
+            } else {
+                // Multiple tools — run in parallel via join_all
+                use futures_util::future::join_all;
+                let futures = batch.iter().map(|tc| self.execute_tool(tc));
+                let batch_results = join_all(futures).await;
+                results.extend(batch_results);
+            }
+        }
+
+        results
+    }
+
+    /// Partition tool calls into batches based on concurrency safety.
     ///
-    /// Returns true if:
+    /// `concurrency_safe` tools are grouped together; each `exclusive` tool
-    /// - There are multiple tool calls
+    /// runs in its own batch. This matches the approach used in Nanobot's
-    /// - None of the tools require sequential execution (tool_search, non-concurrency-safe)
+    /// `_partition_tool_batches` and Zeroclaw's `parallel_tools` config.
-    fn should_execute_in_parallel(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> bool {
+    fn partition_tool_batches(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<Vec<ToolCall>> {
-        if tool_calls.len() <= 1 {
+        let mut batches: Vec<Vec<ToolCall>> = Vec::new();
-            return false;
+        let mut current: Vec<ToolCall> = Vec::new();
-        }
 
-        // tool_search must run sequentially to avoid MCP activation race conditions
+        for tc in tool_calls {
-        if tool_calls.iter().any(|tc| tc.name == "tool_search") {
+            let concurrency_safe = self
-            return false;
+                .tools
-        }
-
-        // All tools must be concurrency-safe to run in parallel
-        tool_calls.iter().all(|tc| {
-            self.tools
                 .get(&tc.name)
                 .map(|t| t.concurrency_safe())
-                .unwrap_or(false)
+                .unwrap_or(false);
-        })
-    }
 
-    /// Execute multiple tool calls, choosing parallel or sequential based on conditions.
+            if concurrency_safe {
-    async fn execute_tools(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<ToolExecutionOutcome> {
+                current.push(tc.clone());
-        if self.should_execute_in_parallel(tool_calls) {
+            } else {
-            tracing::debug!("Executing {} tools in parallel", tool_calls.len());
+                if !current.is_empty() {
-            self.execute_tools_parallel(tool_calls).await
+                    batches.push(std::mem::take(&mut current));
-        } else {
+                }
-            tracing::debug!("Executing {} tools sequentially", tool_calls.len());
+                batches.push(vec![tc.clone()]);
-            self.execute_tools_sequential(tool_calls).await
+            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Execute tools in parallel using join_all.
-    async fn execute_tools_parallel(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<ToolExecutionOutcome> {
-        let futures: Vec<_> = tool_calls
-            .iter()
-            .map(|tc| self.execute_one_tool(tc))
-            .collect();
-
-        futures_util::future::join_all(futures).await
-    }
-
-    /// Execute tools sequentially.
-    async fn execute_tools_sequential(&self, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<ToolExecutionOutcome> {
-        let mut outcomes = Vec::with_capacity(tool_calls.len());
-
-        for tool_call in tool_calls {
-            outcomes.push(self.execute_one_tool(tool_call).await);
         }
 
-        outcomes
+        if !current.is_empty() {
+            batches.push(current);
+        }
+
+        batches
     }
 
-    /// Execute a single tool and return the outcome with event tracking.
+    async fn execute_tool(&self, tool_call: &ToolCall) -> String {
-    async fn execute_one_tool(&self, tool_call: &ToolCall) -> ToolExecutionOutcome {
-        let start = Instant::now();
-        let tool_name = tool_call.name.clone();
-
-        // Record ToolCallStart event
-        if let Some(ref observer) = self.observer {
-            observer.record_event(&ObserverEvent::ToolCallStart {
-                tool: tool_name.clone(),
-                arguments: Some(truncate_args(&tool_call.arguments, 300)),
-            });
-        }
-
-        let result = self.execute_tool_internal(tool_call).await;
-        let duration = start.elapsed();
-
-        // Record ToolCall event
-        if let Some(ref observer) = self.observer {
-            observer.record_event(&ObserverEvent::ToolCall {
-                tool: tool_name.clone(),
-                duration,
-                success: result.success,
-            });
-        }
-
-        // Apply duration
-        ToolExecutionOutcome {
-            duration,
-            ..result
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Internal tool execution without event tracking.
-    async fn execute_tool_internal(&self, tool_call: &ToolCall) -> ToolExecutionOutcome {
         let tool = match self.tools.get(&tool_call.name) {
             Some(t) => t,
             None => {
                 tracing::warn!(tool = %tool_call.name, "Tool not found");
-                return ToolExecutionOutcome::failure(
+                return format!("Error: Tool '{}' not found", tool_call.name);
-                    format!("Error: Tool '{}' not found", tool_call.name),
-                    Some(format!("Tool '{}' not found", tool_call.name)),
-                );
             }
         };
 
         match tool.execute(tool_call.arguments.clone()).await {
             Ok(result) => {
                 if result.success {
-                    ToolExecutionOutcome::success(result.output)
+                    result.output
                 } else {
-                    let error = result.error.unwrap_or_default();
+                    format!("Error: {}", result.error.unwrap_or_default())
-                    ToolExecutionOutcome::failure(
-                        format!("Error: {}", error),
-                        Some(error),
-                    )
                 }
             }
             Err(e) => {
                 tracing::error!(tool = %tool_call.name, error = %e, "Tool execution failed");
-                ToolExecutionOutcome::failure(
+                format!("Error: {}", e)
-                    format!("Error: {}", e),
-                    Some(e.to_string()),
-                )
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::observability::{MultiObserver, Observer};
-
-    struct TestObserver {
-        events: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<ObserverEvent>>,
-    }
-
-    impl TestObserver {
-        fn new() -> Self {
-            Self {
-                events: std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl Observer for TestObserver {
-        fn record_event(&self, event: &ObserverEvent) {
-            self.events.lock().unwrap().push(event.clone());
-        }
-
-        fn name(&self) -> &str {
-            "test_observer"
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn test_observer_receives_tool_events() {
-        // Verify MultiObserver works
-        let mut multi = MultiObserver::new();
-        multi.add_observer(Box::new(TestObserver::new()));
-
-        let event = ObserverEvent::ToolCallStart {
-            tool: "test".to_string(),
-            arguments: Some("{}".to_string()),
-        };
-        multi.record_event(&event);
-
-        // Just verify the structure works
-        assert_eq!(multi.len(), 1);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_should_execute_in_parallel_single_tool() {
-        // Would need a proper setup with AgentLoop to test fully
-        // For now, just verify the logic: single tool should return false
-        let calls = vec![ToolCall {
-            id: "1".to_string(),
-            name: "test".to_string(),
-            arguments: serde_json::json!({}),
-        }];
-
-        // If there's only 1 tool, should return false regardless
-        assert_eq!(calls.len() <= 1, true);
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum AgentError {
     ProviderCreation(String),
@@ -400,3 +267,140 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for AgentError {
 }
 
 impl std::error::Error for AgentError {}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::providers::ToolCall;
+    use crate::tools::ToolRegistry;
+    use crate::tools::CalculatorTool;
+    use crate::tools::BashTool;
+    use crate::tools::FileReadTool;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    fn make_tc(name: &str, args: serde_json::Value) -> ToolCall {
+        ToolCall {
+            id: format!("tc_{}", name),
+            name: name.to_string(),
+            arguments: args,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Verify that partition_tool_batches groups concurrency-safe tools together
+    /// and isolates exclusive tools, matching the nanobot/zeroclaw approach.
+    #[test]
+    fn test_partition_batches_mixes_safe_and_exclusive() {
+        let registry = Arc::new({
+            let mut r = ToolRegistry::new();
+            r.register(CalculatorTool::new());  // concurrency_safe = true
+            r.register(BashTool::new());          // concurrency_safe = false (exclusive)
+            r.register(FileReadTool::new());      // concurrency_safe = true
+            r
+        });
+
+        // agent_loop needs a provider to construct; test the partitioning logic directly
+        let tcs = vec![
+            make_tc("calculator", json!({})),
+            make_tc("bash", json!({"command": "ls"})),
+            make_tc("file_read", json!({"path": "/tmp/foo"})),
+            make_tc("calculator", json!({})),
+        ];
+
+        // Expected:
+        // batch 1: calculator (safe, first run)
+        // batch 2: bash (exclusive, alone)
+        // batch 3: file_read, calculator (both safe, run together)
+        let batches = partition_for_test(&registry, &tcs);
+        assert_eq!(batches.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(batches[0].len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(batches[0][0].name, "calculator");
+        assert_eq!(batches[1].len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(batches[1][0].name, "bash");
+        assert_eq!(batches[2].len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(batches[2][0].name, "file_read");
+        assert_eq!(batches[2][1].name, "calculator");
+    }
+
+    /// All-safe tool calls should produce a single batch (parallel execution).
+    #[test]
+    fn test_partition_batches_all_safe_single_batch() {
+        let registry = Arc::new({
+            let mut r = ToolRegistry::new();
+            r.register(CalculatorTool::new());
+            r.register(FileReadTool::new());
+            r
+        });
+
+        let tcs = vec![
+            make_tc("calculator", json!({})),
+            make_tc("file_read", json!({"path": "/tmp/foo"})),
+        ];
+
+        let batches = partition_for_test(&registry, &tcs);
+        assert_eq!(batches.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(batches[0].len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    /// All-exclusive tool calls should each get their own batch (sequential execution).
+    #[test]
+    fn test_partition_batches_all_exclusive_separate_batches() {
+        let registry = Arc::new({
+            let mut r = ToolRegistry::new();
+            r.register(BashTool::new());
+            r
+        });
+
+        let tcs = vec![
+            make_tc("bash", json!({"command": "ls"})),
+            make_tc("bash", json!({"command": "pwd"})),
+        ];
+
+        let batches = partition_for_test(&registry, &tcs);
+        assert_eq!(batches.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(batches[0].len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(batches[1].len(), 1);
+    }
+
+    /// Unknown tools (not in registry) default to non-concurrency-safe (single batch).
+    #[test]
+    fn test_partition_batches_unknown_tool_gets_own_batch() {
+        let registry = Arc::new(ToolRegistry::new());
+
+        let tcs = vec![
+            make_tc("calculator", json!({})),
+            make_tc("unknown_tool", json!({})),
+        ];
+
+        let batches = partition_for_test(&registry, &tcs);
+        assert_eq!(batches.len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    /// Expose partition logic for testing without needing a full AgentLoop.
+    fn partition_for_test(registry: &Arc<ToolRegistry>, tool_calls: &[ToolCall]) -> Vec<Vec<ToolCall>> {
+        let mut batches: Vec<Vec<ToolCall>> = Vec::new();
+        let mut current: Vec<ToolCall> = Vec::new();
+
+        for tc in tool_calls {
+            let concurrency_safe = registry
+                .get(&tc.name)
+                .map(|t| t.concurrency_safe())
+                .unwrap_or(false);
+
+            if concurrency_safe {
+                current.push(tc.clone());
+            } else {
+                if !current.is_empty() {
+                    batches.push(std::mem::take(&mut current));
+                }
+                batches.push(vec![tc.clone()]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !current.is_empty() {
+            batches.push(current);
+        }
+
+        batches
+    }
+}

src/config/mod.rs

@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ pub struct ModelConfig {
 pub struct AgentConfig {
     pub provider: String,
     pub model: String,
-    #[serde(default = "default_max_tool_iterations")]
+    #[serde(default = "default_max_iterations")]
-    pub max_tool_iterations: usize,
+    pub max_iterations: u32,
 }
 
-fn default_max_tool_iterations() -> usize {
+fn default_max_iterations() -> u32 {
-    20
+    15
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ pub struct LLMProviderConfig {
     pub temperature: Option<f32>,
     pub max_tokens: Option<u32>,
     pub model_extra: HashMap<String, serde_json::Value>,
-    pub max_tool_iterations: usize,
+    pub max_iterations: u32,
 }
 
 fn get_default_config_path() -> PathBuf {
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ impl Config {
             temperature: model.temperature,
             max_tokens: model.max_tokens,
             model_extra: model.extra.clone(),
-            max_tool_iterations: agent.max_tool_iterations,
+            max_iterations: agent.max_iterations,
         })
     }
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ pub mod client;
 pub mod protocol;
 pub mod channels;
 pub mod logging;
-pub mod observability;
 pub mod tools;

src/observability/mod.rs

@@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
-//! Observability module for tracking agent and tool events.
-//!
-//! This module provides an Observer pattern for emitting and collecting
-//! telemetry events during agent execution.
-
-use std::time::Duration;
-
-/// Events emitted during agent and tool execution.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub enum ObserverEvent {
-    /// Emitted before a tool starts executing.
-    ToolCallStart {
-        tool: String,
-        arguments: Option<String>,
-    },
-    /// Emitted after a tool completes execution.
-    ToolCall {
-        tool: String,
-        duration: Duration,
-        success: bool,
-    },
-    /// Emitted when the agent starts processing.
-    AgentStart {
-        provider: String,
-        model: String,
-    },
-    /// Emitted when the agent finishes processing.
-    AgentEnd {
-        provider: String,
-        model: String,
-        duration: Duration,
-        tokens_used: Option<u64>,
-    },
-}
-
-/// Observer trait for receiving events.
-///
-/// Implement this trait to receive events during agent execution.
-/// Observers are shared across async tasks, so implementations must be
-/// Send + Sync.
-pub trait Observer: Send + Sync + 'static {
-    /// Record a single event.
-    fn record_event(&self, event: &ObserverEvent);
-
-    /// Get the observer's name for identification.
-    fn name(&self) -> &str;
-
-    /// Flush any buffered events (default no-op).
-    fn flush(&self) {}
-}
-
-/// Outcome of a single tool execution.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ToolExecutionOutcome {
-    /// The output from the tool execution.
-    pub output: String,
-    /// Whether the tool executed successfully.
-    pub success: bool,
-    /// The error reason if the tool failed.
-    pub error_reason: Option<String>,
-    /// How long the tool took to execute.
-    pub duration: Duration,
-}
-
-impl ToolExecutionOutcome {
-    /// Create a successful outcome with zero duration.
-    pub fn success(output: String) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            output,
-            success: true,
-            error_reason: None,
-            duration: Duration::ZERO,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Create a successful outcome with duration.
-    pub fn success_with_duration(output: String, duration: Duration) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            output,
-            success: true,
-            error_reason: None,
-            duration,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Create a failed outcome with zero duration.
-    pub fn failure(output: String, error_reason: Option<String>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            output,
-            success: false,
-            error_reason,
-            duration: Duration::ZERO,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Create a failed outcome with duration.
-    pub fn failure_with_duration(output: String, error_reason: Option<String>, duration: Duration) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            output,
-            success: false,
-            error_reason,
-            duration,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// MultiObserver broadcasts events to multiple observers.
-pub struct MultiObserver {
-    observers: Vec<Box<dyn Observer>>,
-}
-
-impl MultiObserver {
-    /// Create a new MultiObserver.
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            observers: Vec::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Add an observer.
-    pub fn add_observer(&mut self, observer: Box<dyn Observer>) {
-        self.observers.push(observer);
-    }
-
-    /// Get the number of registered observers.
-    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.observers.len()
-    }
-
-    /// Check if there are no observers.
-    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
-        self.observers.is_empty()
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for MultiObserver {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::new()
-    }
-}
-
-impl Observer for MultiObserver {
-    fn record_event(&self, event: &ObserverEvent) {
-        for observer in &self.observers {
-            observer.record_event(event);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn flush(&self) {
-        for observer in &self.observers {
-            observer.flush();
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn name(&self) -> &str {
-        "multi_observer"
-    }
-}
-
-/// Truncate arguments for logging to avoid oversized events.
-pub fn truncate_args(args: &serde_json::Value, max_len: usize) -> String {
-    let args_str = args.to_string();
-    if args_str.len() <= max_len {
-        return args_str;
-    }
-    format!("{}...truncated", &args_str[..max_len])
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    struct TestObserver {
-        name: String,
-        events: std::sync::Mutex<Vec<ObserverEvent>>,
-    }
-
-    impl TestObserver {
-        fn new(name: &str) -> Self {
-            Self {
-                name: name.to_string(),
-                events: std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()),
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl Observer for TestObserver {
-        fn record_event(&self, event: &ObserverEvent) {
-            self.events.lock().unwrap().push(event.clone());
-        }
-
-        fn name(&self) -> &str {
-            &self.name
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_tool_execution_outcome_success() {
-        let outcome = ToolExecutionOutcome::success("output content".to_string());
-        assert!(outcome.success);
-        assert_eq!(outcome.output, "output content");
-        assert!(outcome.error_reason.is_none());
-        assert_eq!(outcome.duration, Duration::ZERO);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_tool_execution_outcome_success_with_duration() {
-        let outcome = ToolExecutionOutcome::success_with_duration(
-            "output content".to_string(),
-            Duration::from_millis(100),
-        );
-        assert!(outcome.success);
-        assert_eq!(outcome.duration, Duration::from_millis(100));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_tool_execution_outcome_failure() {
-        let outcome = ToolExecutionOutcome::failure(
-            "error output".to_string(),
-            Some("error reason".to_string()),
-        );
-        assert!(!outcome.success);
-        assert_eq!(outcome.output, "error output");
-        assert_eq!(outcome.error_reason, Some("error reason".to_string()));
-        assert_eq!(outcome.duration, Duration::ZERO);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_multi_observer_broadcasts() {
-        let mut multi = MultiObserver::new();
-        let obs1 = Box::new(TestObserver::new("obs1"));
-        let obs2 = Box::new(TestObserver::new("obs2"));
-        multi.add_observer(obs1);
-        multi.add_observer(obs2);
-
-        let event = ObserverEvent::ToolCallStart {
-            tool: "test_tool".to_string(),
-            arguments: Some("{}".to_string()),
-        };
-
-        multi.record_event(&event);
-
-        // Both observers should have received the event
-        assert_eq!(multi.len(), 2);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_truncate_args() {
-        let args = serde_json::json!({"key": "value"});
-        assert_eq!(truncate_args(&args, 100), args.to_string());
-
-        let long_args = serde_json::json!({"key": "a".repeat(200)});
-        let truncated = truncate_args(&long_args, 50);
-        assert!(truncated.ends_with("...truncated"));
-        assert!(truncated.len() < long_args.to_string().len());
-    }
-}

src/tools/calculator.rs

@@ -92,6 +92,10 @@ impl Tool for CalculatorTool {
         })
     }
 
+    fn read_only(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     async fn execute(&self, args: serde_json::Value) -> anyhow::Result<ToolResult> {
         let function = match args.get("function").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
             Some(f) => f,

src/tools/registry.rs

@@ -23,12 +23,6 @@ impl ToolRegistry {
         self.tools.get(name)
     }
 
-    /// Get all registered tools.
-    /// Used for concurrent tool execution when we need to look up tools by name.
-    pub fn get_all(&self) -> Vec<&Box<dyn ToolTrait>> {
-        self.tools.values().collect()
-    }
-
     pub fn get_definitions(&self) -> Vec<Tool> {
         self.tools
             .values()

tests/test_integration.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ fn load_config() -> Option<LLMProviderConfig> {
         temperature: Some(0.0),
         max_tokens: Some(100),
         model_extra: HashMap::new(),
-        max_tool_iterations: 20,
     })
 }
 

tests/test_tool_calling.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ fn load_openai_config() -> Option<LLMProviderConfig> {
         temperature: Some(0.0),
         max_tokens: Some(100),
         model_extra: HashMap::new(),
-        max_tool_iterations: 20,
     })
 }