diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index dbfe05a..32592a4 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -45,3 +45,4 @@ rmcp = { version = "1.6", default-features = false, features = [
   "which-command",
 ] }
 http = "1"
+encoding_rs = "0.8"
diff --git a/src/tools/file_read.rs b/src/tools/file_read.rs
index 1553ad3..4daecbd 100644
--- a/src/tools/file_read.rs
+++ b/src/tools/file_read.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
+use encoding_rs::*;
 use serde_json::json;
 
 use crate::tools::path_utils;
@@ -117,10 +118,23 @@ impl Tool for FileReadTool {
             });
         }
 
-        // Try to read as text
-        match std::fs::read_to_string(&resolved) {
-            Ok(content) => {
-                let all_lines: Vec<&str> = content.lines().collect();
+        // Read raw bytes and try multiple encodings
+        let bytes = match std::fs::read(&resolved) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => {
+                return Ok(ToolResult {
+                    success: false,
+                    output: String::new(),
+                    error: Some(format!("Failed to read file: {}", e)),
+                });
+            }
+        };
+
+        let (content, encoding_label) = decode_text(&bytes);
+
+        match content {
+            Some(text) => {
+                let all_lines: Vec<&str> = text.lines().collect();
                 let total = all_lines.len();
 
                 if offset < 1 {
@@ -182,7 +196,14 @@ impl Tool for FileReadTool {
                         end + 1
                     ));
                 } else {
-                    result.push_str(&format!("\n\n(End of file — {} lines total)", total));
+                    result.push_str(&format!(
+                        "\n\n(End of file — {} lines total)",
+                        total
+                    ));
+                }
+
+                if let Some(label) = encoding_label {
+                    result.insert_str(0, &format!("(编码: {})\n", label));
                 }
 
                 Ok(ToolResult {
@@ -191,37 +212,69 @@ impl Tool for FileReadTool {
                     error: None,
                 })
             }
-            Err(e) => {
-                // Try to read as binary and encode as base64
-                match std::fs::read(&resolved) {
-                    Ok(bytes) => {
-                        use base64::{engine::general_purpose::STANDARD, Engine};
-                        let encoded = STANDARD.encode(&bytes);
-                        let mime = mime_guess::from_path(&resolved)
-                            .first_or_octet_stream()
-                            .to_string();
-                        Ok(ToolResult {
-                            success: true,
-                            output: format!(
-                                "(Binary file: {}, {} bytes, base64 encoded)\n{}",
-                                mime,
-                                bytes.len(),
-                                encoded
-                            ),
-                            error: None,
-                        })
-                    }
-                    Err(_) => Ok(ToolResult {
-                        success: false,
-                        output: String::new(),
-                        error: Some(format!("Failed to read file: {}", e)),
-                    }),
-                }
+            None => {
+                // Truly binary file — base64 encode
+                use base64::{engine::general_purpose::STANDARD, Engine};
+                let encoded = STANDARD.encode(&bytes);
+                let mime = mime_guess::from_path(&resolved)
+                    .first_or_octet_stream()
+                    .to_string();
+                Ok(ToolResult {
+                    success: true,
+                    output: format!(
+                        "(Binary file: {}, {} bytes, base64 encoded)\n{}",
+                        mime,
+                        bytes.len(),
+                        encoded
+                    ),
+                    error: None,
+                })
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
+fn decode_text(bytes: &[u8]) -> (Option<String>, Option<&'static str>) {
+    // Try UTF-8 first
+    if let Ok(text) = std::str::from_utf8(bytes) {
+        return (Some(text.to_string()), None);
+    }
+
+    // Try GB18030
+    let (cow, _, had_errors) = GB18030.decode(bytes);
+    if !had_errors {
+        return (Some(cow.into_owned()), Some("GB18030"));
+    }
+
+    // Try GBK
+    let (cow, _, had_errors) = GBK.decode(bytes);
+    if !had_errors {
+        return (Some(cow.into_owned()), Some("GBK"));
+    }
+
+    // Try UTF-8 lossy as last resort
+    let (cow, _, had_errors) = UTF_8.decode(bytes);
+    if !had_errors {
+        // UTF-8 decode succeeded via encoding_rs but std::str::from_utf8
+        // rejected it (maybe due to BOM or unpaired surrogates); still return it
+        return (Some(cow.into_owned()), None);
+    }
+
+    // Check if content looks text-ish (>50% printable) for lossy UTF-8 fallback
+    let printable_ratio = bytes
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|&&b| b.is_ascii_graphic() || b == b' ' || b == b'\n' || b == b'\r' || b == b'\t')
+        .count() as f64
+        / bytes.len().max(1) as f64;
+
+    if printable_ratio > 0.5 {
+        let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes);
+        return (Some(text.into_owned()), Some("UTF-8(lossy)"));
+    }
+
+    (None, None)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;